Even as evidence mounts, climate denial persists. This 2024 systematic review from Uppsala University synthesizes 65 studies to uncover what actually works to counter misinformation and resistance to climate science. The authors categorize denial into three forms — literal (denying that warming exists), interpretive (downplaying severity), and implicatory (rejecting responsibility). They find that effective interventions depend on matching message, audience, and messenger. Education remains the cornerstone: teaching the mechanisms of climate change and critical-thinking skills improves literacy, but knowledge alone rarely changes beliefs. Message framing — linking climate action to local values, economics, or security — reaches new audiences. Hope and empathy work better than fear. Inoculation training, which exposes people to weakened misinformation before they encounter it in the wild, builds psychological resilience. Trusted messengers also matter. Conservative leaders, faith voices, and military figures can reach groups that distrust scientists. Exposing financial or ideological networks behind denial reframes falsehoods as manipulation, not debate. The review concludes that combating denial is less about dumping facts and more about building trust. True engagement connects evidence with identity and empowers collective agency for climate action. Produced by Cognivault — insight, intelligence, and innovation made clear.